The Staff and Pastoral Life: Tool and Defense in Gran Canaria - Culture
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In brief

According to Domínguez Navarro, the staff was an essential tool for Gran Canaria's shepherds, serving both daily work and personal defense.

The connection between the staff (garrote) and pastoral life in Gran Canaria is a central theme in Domínguez Navarro’s study of the Lucha del Garrote. The author emphasizes that the staff was not only a weapon but also an indispensable tool for shepherds in their daily routines[1].

The source states: “In all eras, both yesterday and today, the staff along with the dog has been the inseparable companion of the shepherd during his long and solitary days. It goes with him everywhere, giving him security and confidence. It helps him control the livestock and overcome obstacles during his movements, being used as a work tool”[1].

Beyond its use as a tool, the staff was also employed as a weapon in conflicts between shepherds. Disputes over livestock, the defense of grazing lands, and constant vigilance led to frequent confrontations: “He also uses it as a weapon when, in his hard work and constant movement of livestock in search of fresh pastures, he has to compete with other shepherds. The continuous fights for this reason and for frequent livestock thefts, the unceasing vigilance of the flock, the anxious search for lost animals, and the tense defense of pasture, this continuous exercise in a healthy environment and diet, make the shepherd a strong person perfectly prepared for fighting”[1].

Thus, the staff became an essential element in an environment where resources were scarce and pastoral life demanded both physical and mental skills. The author notes that after the conquest and the prohibition of traditional weapons, the staff remained with shepherds under the pretext of being a work tool: “Once the island was conquered and pacified by the Castilians, the weapons of the ancient Canarians were prohibited and fell into disuse, but the shepherd could continue using the staff because he needed it as a work tool—that was the pretext! Shepherds have managed to maintain aboriginal traditions; their way of life and their method of defense, the Lucha del Garrote”[1].

Constant contact with the staff gave the shepherd special skill, developed over the years and tested in encounters with other shepherds, whether for personal disputes or as demonstrations of ability: “This close contact with the staff gives the man a skill in its handling that develops over the years as he has the chance to demonstrate it before other shepherds, either due to personal disputes or simply as a show of power through challenges or violent confrontations when used as a weapon; he also uses it to show his ingenuity to others, resulting in occasional competitions and displays of skill”[1].

Finally, Domínguez Navarro points out that the practice of using the staff, though relegated at times, remained alive in the memory and practice of shepherds, who preserved this tradition as part of their daily life and work in the countryside[1].

Frequently asked questions

What role did the staff play in Gran Canaria's pastoral life?

According to Domínguez Navarro, it was an indispensable tool in shepherds' daily routines: besides being a weapon, it helped them control livestock and overcome obstacles during their movements, and together with the dog it was the shepherd's inseparable companion on his long and solitary days.

In what conflicts did shepherds use the staff?

In disputes with other shepherds over control of the livestock and because of frequent cattle thefts, in the unceasing vigilance of the flock and in the tense defense of pasture, according to the cited text.

Why could the staff continue to be used after the conquest?

Because, once the weapons of the ancient Canarians were prohibited and fell into disuse, shepherds could keep using the staff justified as a work tool; in this way they preserved their way of life and their method of defense, the Lucha del Garrote.

How did shepherds develop their skill with the staff?

Constant contact with the staff gave the shepherd a skill in handling it that developed over the years and that he demonstrated before other shepherds, whether in personal disputes or simply as a show of power, giving rise to occasional competitions and displays of skill.

What does Domínguez Navarro note about the continuity of this practice?

That, although relegated at times, the practice of the staff remained alive in the memory and practice of shepherds, who preserved this tradition as part of their daily life and work in the countryside.

Sources