Flora of the Canary Islands
Plant profiles with taxonomy, habitat, distribution and verifiable sources.
The initial set prioritises emblematic, endemic or highly representative species. Legal and conservation categories remain pending where they have not been checked species by species.
Island
Endemicity
Dragon tree
Dracaena draco
An emblematic tree of the Canarian landscape, recorded by BIOTA as securely native and not endemic.
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Canary Island date palm
Phoenix canariensis
An endemic palm of the archipelago and one of the islands’ most characteristic plant silhouettes.
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Canary Island pine
Pinus canariensis
An endemic conifer shaping pine forests in uplands and high mid-elevation zones of several islands.
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Red bugloss
Echium wildpretii
A visually striking endemic plant especially associated with Tenerife’s high mountain landscapes.
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Canary Island spurge
Euphorbia canariensis
An endemic spurge that names the cardonal, a key plant formation of the Canarian basal belt.
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Viñátigo
Persea indica
A tree of the Canarian laurel forest, securely native according to BIOTA and not endemic to the archipelago.
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Canary laurel
Laurus novocanariensis
A key tree of Canarian laurel forest.
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Canary holly
Ilex canariensis
A characteristic tree of monteverde.
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Canary tree heath
Erica canariensis
A common component of fayal-brezal woodland.
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Canary faya
Morella faya
A representative tree of fayal-brezal woodland.
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Canary cedar
Juniperus cedrus
A conifer of high summits and crags.
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Canary juniper
Juniperus turbinata canariensis
A juniper of thermophilous woodland formations.
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Canary wild olive
Olea cerasiformis
A thermophilous tree of dry Canarian landscapes.
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Canary aeonium
Aeonium canariense
An emblematic crassula of cliffs and slopes.
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Marguerite daisy
Argyranthemum frutescens
A conspicuous wild daisy of island flora.
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Canary bellflower
Canarina canariensis
An endemic climber with orange flowers.
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Verode
Kleinia neriifolia
A succulent shrub common in dry habitats.
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Sweet tabaiba
Euphorbia balsamifera
A characteristic spurge of coastal tabaibal.
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Purple Canary spurge
Euphorbia atropurpurea
An endemic tabaiba of strong landscape value.
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Canary ceropegia
Ceropegia dichotoma
A succulent plant linked to dry slopes.
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Balo
Plocama pendula
A shrub of ravines and dry habitats.
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Mountain bencomia
Bencomia caudata
An endemic shrub of humid woodland habitats.
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Canary sideritis
Sideritis canariensis
An endemic mint-family plant of scrub and woodland zones.
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Parrot’s beak
Lotus berthelotii
An endemic legume recognised by its striking flowers.
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