The volcanic eruption in the San Antonio area on the island of La Palma occurred in 1680, during the colonial period of the Canary Islands. This natural event took place in a context of economic and agricultural expansion in the archipelago, driven by the cultivation of sugar cane and wine. The eruption significantly affected local communities, destroying farmland and forcing the relocation of numerous inhabitants. Despite the immediate hardships, the eruption also enriched the soil with volcanic ash, which benefited agriculture in the long term. This phenomenon highlights the constant interaction between volcanic activity and human life on the islands, underscoring the resilience of its inhabitants. The 1680 eruption is an early example of how natural events have shaped the history and development of La Palma and the Canary archipelago as a whole.